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The amount of slag generated is almost athird of the total stainless steel produced. Owing to its mineralogy, a large partof the slag is produced as fines, which has a very low valorisation potentialand has to be landfilled. The present work is aimed at exploring the potentialof these slags to produce construction materials of higher economic value.To address the issue, two valorisationroutes were applied: 1) alkali-activation initiating binding reactions in theslag by the addition of alkali hydroxides and silicates, 2) carbonation initiating hardening reaction in the slag by the formation of alkalicarbonates. Two stainless steel slags, continuous casting (CtCs) slag and Argonoxygen decarburisation (AOD) slag, were targeted for valorisation.Initiation of hardening reactions in theslag was found to occur only under a combined treatment of alkali (Na and K)hydroxides and high temperature (80 °C) which was provided by steam curing. However,only a moderate strength in the mortar specimens was observed under suchconditions along with appearance of efflorescence with NaOH for molaritiesabove 5 M. The problem of low strength and efflorescence in the mortar sampleswas eliminated by the introduction of silicates in the system along with thealkali hydroxides. The compressive strength of the slag mortars was found toincrease with the increase in the amount of silicates in the activatingsolution and with the increase of the curing temperature. The reaction productfrom the activation was found to be C-S-H as confirmed by thermogravimetric,QXRD, FTIR and 29Si NMR analysis.The slag was also found to develop strengthunder acceleration carbonation conditions which was provided under two environments:i) in a carbonation chamber, maintained at atmospheric pressure, 22 °C, 5 vol.%CO2 and 80% RH; and ii) in a carbonation reactor, where the CO2partial pressure (pCO2)and temperature could be further increased. It was found that in thecarbonation chamber the compressive strength of the samples and the CO2sequestration continued to increase up to 3 weeks whereas in the reactor theoptimum for strength and CO2 sequestration was found at 80 °C, 8 barpressure in 2.5 h. The major reaction product was found to be calcite indifferent morphologies.Three types of masonry blocks were preparedform the slag with the two valorisation routes: alkali-activated solid bricks,perforated carbonated bricks and alkali-activated aerated bricks. Thecarbonated bricks were found to have the best resistance to freeze-thaw,whereas the aerated bricks were found to have superior thermal resistivity values.The LCA showed that the environmental impact of the bricks is lower (negativefor carbonated bricks) than the conventional clay fired bricks and the impactof the aerated bricks was found to be similar to the conventional aeratedblocks available in the market. A SWOTanalysis highlighted the advantage of using these bricks in the form of lowerenergy requirement in its production, reduction of stress on the use of prime materialsand ease of metal recovery from the residual slag.The results of the dissertation show that thebinding potential of the stainless steel slags can be exploited as valorisedapplications in the construction industry by novel thermo-alkali activation andcarbonation processes.

691 --- Academic collection --- 691.714 --- 691.504 --- Building materials. Building components --- Steel --- Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- Theses --- 691.504 Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- 691.714 Steel --- 691 Building materials. Building components

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Cet ouvrage analyse en détail la composition et les propriétés des matériaux de construction dans une perspective écologique

691 --- 504 --- 691.504 --- 691.504 Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- 504 Environment. Environmental science --- Environment. Environmental science --- 691 Building materials. Building components --- Building materials. Building components --- Building materials --- Comportement des matériaux --- Ecologie --- Ecologie appliquée --- Matériau --- Environmental aspects. --- Duurzaam bouwen --- Bouwmaterialen --- Building materials - Environmental aspects.

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Da inzwischen klar ist, dass uns viele Rohstoffe zukünftig nur noch begrenzt zur Verfügung stehen werden, wird seit einiger Zeit intensiv an Alternativen geforscht: Nachhaltigkeit ist das Gebot der Stunde und für Politik wie Industrie das Zauberwort für eine bessere Zukunft. Zudem ist das Bewusstsein für einen umweltverträglichen Umgang mit Werkstoffen und das Denken in Materialkreisläufen beim Konsumenten angekommen: Die Verwendung umweltverträglicher Materialien und Produktionsverfahren wird vom Kunden gewünscht, ja gar vorausgesetzt. Designern und Architekten kommt somit eine besondere Rolle und Verantwortung zu. Denn sie sind es, die bei ihren Projekten die Auswahl über die eingesetzten Werkstoffe treffen und damit entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Nachhaltigkeit unserer Produktwelt nehmen. Gleichzeitig haben wir es mit einer Flut neuer Materialien zu tun, was besondere Kenntnisse in Bezug auf ihre Eigenschaften, den möglichen Einsatz und ihre Verarbeitung erfordert. Materialrevolution schlägt hier die Brücke von Forschung und Industrie zu den Designern und Architekten, indem es einen systematischen Überblick über die derzeit verfügbaren nachhaltigen Materialien bietet und alle relevanten Information liefert, um die Eignung und das Potential eines neuen Materials für das eigene Projekt zu beurteilen. Dabei werden sowohl natürliche und biologisch abbaubare Materialien beleuchtet, als auch Werkstoffe mit multifunktionalen Eigenschaften und Potenzialen zur Verringerung des Energieeinsatzes vorgestellt. Since it is now clear that in the future many raw materials will only be available to us in limited quantities, scientists have for some time been conducting intensive research into possible alternatives. Sustainability is the order of the day and the magic word for a better future in politics and industry. Moreover, environmental consciousness and a penchant for thinking in terms of material cycles have caught on with consumers: the use of environmentally compatible materials and production methods is desired, even taken for granted by the client. Designers and architects thus have a special role and responsibility. For they are the ones who decide what materials will be used on their projects and thus wield enormous influence on the sustainability of our product world. At the same time, we are dealing with a flood of new materials, which calls for specialized knowledge of their properties, their possible use, and their handling. Material Revolution bridges the gap between research and industry on the one hand and designers and architects on the other by offering a systematic overview of the currently available sustainable materials and providing the reader with all the information he or she needs to assess a new material's suitability and potential for a given project. Along the way, it examines natural and biodegradable materials, while also presenting materials with multifunctional properties and the potential for diminishing energy requirements.

745.5 --- designmaterialen --- materialenkennis --- designmaterialen - algemeen --- Sustainable architecture --- Architecture --- Sustainable design. --- Environmental aspects. --- Sustainable architecture. --- Eco-architecture --- Environmentally conscious architecture --- Environmentally friendly architecture --- Green architecture --- Green building design --- Green design (Buildings) --- Sustainable design (Buildings) --- Green design --- Sustainable design --- 691.504 --- 691(03) --- Architectuur; materialen --- Ecologische bouwmaterialen --- Materialen ; technieken ; naslagwerken --- Duurzame architectuur ; materialen --- Interieurarchitectuur ; materialen --- Design --- Bouwmaterialen ; naslagwerken --- 691.504 Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials

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Global material crises are imminent. In the very near future, recycling will no longer be a choice made by those concerned about the environment, but a necessity for all. This means a paradigm shift in domestic behavior, manufacturing, construction, and design is inevitable. The Architecture of Waste provides a hopeful outlook through examining current recycling practices, rethinking initial manufacturing techniques, and proposing design solutions for second lives of material-objects.The book touches on a variety of inescapable issues beyond our global waste crisis including cultural psyches, politics, economics, manufacturing, marketing, and material science. A series of crucial perspectives from experts cover these topics and frames the research by providing a past, present, and future look at how we got here and where we go next: the historical, the material, and the design. Twelve design proposals look beyond the simple application of recycled and waste materials in architecture—an admirable endeavor but one that does not engage the urgent reality of a circular economy—by aiming to transform familiar, yet flawed, material-objects into closed-loop resources. Complete with over 150 color images and written for both professionals and students, The Architecture of Waste is a necessary reference for rethinking the traditional role of the architect and challenging the discipline to address urgent material issues within the larger design process.

Sustainable architecture. --- Architecture durable. --- Waste products as building materials. --- Déchets (matériaux de construction) --- 691 --- 72.025 --- recyclage (bouwmateriaal) --- 504 --- Bouwmaterialen (architectuur) --- Herbruik (architectuur) --- Duurzaam bouwen --- Duurzame architectuur --- 691.1 --- Bouwmaterialen van organische oorsprong --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Production management --- Building materials. Building technology --- green design [environmental concept] --- recycling --- 691(03) --- 72:574 --- Hergebruik ; van afvalmateriaal --- Architectuur ; gemaakt van afvalmaterialen --- Architectuur ; recyclage van materialen en bouwonderdelen --- Bouwmaterialen; afbraakmaterialen ; recyclagematerialen --- Bouwmaterialen ; naslagwerken --- Architectuur en ecologie --- 691.504 --- 72.504 --- 69.504 --- 69.504 Building and the environment. Sustainable building --- Building and the environment. Sustainable building --- 72.504 Architecture and the environment. Sustainable architecture --- Architecture and the environment. Sustainable architecture --- 691.504 Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials

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Recognizing that buildings are a major contributor to global warming and the critical role of embodied versus operational carbon, the book focuses on houses built from materials that either sequester carbon (plants), use materials with very low embodied carbon (earth and stone) or reuse substantial amounts of existing materials.Organized by those materials (wood, bamboo, straw, hemp, cork, earth, brick, stone and re-use), and incorporating life cycle diagrams demonstrating how the raw material is processed into building components, the book shows how the unique properties of each material can transform the ways architects conceive the sections of houses. The house was selected as the vehicle for these investigations due to its scale, its role as a site of architectural experimentation, and its ubiquity. Building on the techniques of the Manual of Section, the book is comprised of newly generated cross-sectional drawings of fifty-five recent, modestly sized houses from around the world, making legible the tectonics and materials used in their construction. Each house is also shown through exploded axonometric, construction photographs and color photographs of the exterior and interior. Introductory essays set up the importance of embodied carbon, the role of vernacular plant-based construction and the problems of contemporary house construction. Drawing connections between the architecture of the house, environmental systems and material economies, the book seeks to change how we build now and for the future.

Ecological houses --- Sustainable architecture --- Design and construction --- Eco-architecture --- Environmentally conscious architecture --- Environmentally friendly architecture --- Green architecture --- Green building design --- Green design (Buildings) --- Sustainable design (Buildings) --- Architecture --- Sustainable design --- Alternative homes --- Ecohomes --- Environmental homes --- Green homes (Green technology) --- Low impact houses --- Sustainable houses --- Dwellings --- Sustainable buildings --- Habitations --- Architecture durable. --- Aspect environnemental --- Dessins et plans. --- 69.504 --- 72.504 --- 691.504 --- 691.504 Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- Building materials and the environment. Sustainable building materials --- 72.504 Architecture and the environment. Sustainable architecture --- Architecture and the environment. Sustainable architecture --- 69.504 Building and the environment. Sustainable building --- Building and the environment. Sustainable building --- Illustraties ; dwarsdoorsnedes en lengtedoorsnedes van objecten --- Architectuur en ecologie ; 21ste eeuw --- Ecologische bouwmaterialen ; hout ; bamboe ; leem --- Architectuur ; bouwmaterialen ; leem ; ongebakken aarde ; klei --- 741:72 --- Tekenkunst ; architectuurtekeningen --- 691.1 --- 72:574(035) --- Bouwmaterialen ; van organische oorsprong --- Architectuur en ecologie ; handboeken